I found this on another forum and used it to fix a problem like yours. Try this and see if it works.
Method 1:
Please follow these steps:
Click on “Start” and type “cmd” (without the quotations).
When you see the “cmd” icon, Right Click on it and select “Run as administrator”.
On the open Command Prompt window copy and paste the commands (all at once):
net stop wuauserv
net stop cryptSv
net stop bits
net stop msiserver
ren C:\Windows\SoftwareDistribution SoftwareDistribution.old
ren C:\Windows\System32\catroot2 catroot2.old
net start wuauserv
net start cryptSvc
net start bits
net start msiserver
pause
I have also attached a file you can run that will execute the above commands for you. To use the file unzip and then right click and select run as administrator.
Wait for the process to complete.
Close the Command Prompt.
Now, go to Windows Update and check.
If it does not help, then try this.
Method 2:
Please use suggestions provided in this Microsoft help article and check the issue.
Unable to install updates in Windows Vista, Windows 7, Windows Server 2008 and Windows Server 2008 R2
http://support.microsoft.com/kb/2509997
Important Notes:
While performing chkdsk on the hard drive if any bad sectors are found on the hard drive when chkdsk tries to repair that sector if any data available on that might be lost.
Serious problems might occur if you modify the registry incorrectly. Therefore, make sure that you follow these steps carefully. For added protection, back up the registry before you modify it. Then, you can restore the registry if a problem occurs. For more information about how to back up and restore the registry, click the following article number to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base:
http://windows.microsoft.com/en-US/windows7/Back-up-the-registry
You may also try to install the KB2929437 update manually from this link:
Download Cumulative Security Update for Internet Explorer 11 in Windows 7 (KB2929437) from Official Microsoft Download Center
I hope this helps. If not post back. fix.zip