The 13.00GB recovery partition contains files that would allow you to restore the hard drive to the condition it was in when Windows 7 was first installed. You could use this if you had a severe problem with the present installation of Windows.
291.62 with 291.16 free Primary Partition - known as DATA (D:\)
This is an area of your hard drive that you could use to save data / photos etc to.
Treat it as you would a giant memory stick.
291.45 with 231.23 free Boot, Page, File, Crash Dump, Primary Partition Packard Bell (C:\)
This is the drive that you have Windows and the rest of your installed software on.
100.00 with 72MB remaining System, Active, Primary Partition SYSTEM RESERVED
Windows 7 uses 100Mb of your hard drive space for Boot Files. These are essential files and Win7 would not boot up without them.
Hope this answers some of your question.